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Subject: Re: [PATCH v20] virtio-net: support inner header hash
On Mon, Jul 03, 2023 at 01:09:21PM +0800, Heng Qi wrote: > 1. Currently, a received encapsulated packet has an outer and an inner header, but > the virtio device is unable to calculate the hash for the inner header. The same > flow can traverse through different tunnels, resulting in the encapsulated > packets being spread across multiple receive queues (refer to the figure below). > However, in certain scenarios, we may need to direct these encapsulated packets of > the same flow to a single receive queue. This facilitates the processing > of the flow by the same CPU to improve performance (warm caches, less locking, etc.). > > client1 client2 > | +-------+ | > +------->|tunnels|<--------+ > +-------+ > | | > v v > +-----------------+ > | monitoring host | > +-----------------+ > > To achieve this, the device can calculate a symmetric hash based on the inner headers > of the same flow. > > 2. For legacy systems, they may lack entropy fields which modern protocols have in > the outer header, resulting in multiple flows with the same outer header but > different inner headers being directed to the same receive queue. This results in > poor receive performance. > > To address this limitation, inner header hash can be used to enable the device to advertise > the capability to calculate the hash for the inner packet, regaining better receive performance. > > Fixes: https://github.com/oasis-tcs/virtio-spec/issues/173 > Signed-off-by: Heng Qi <hengqi@linux.alibaba.com> > Reviewed-by: Xuan Zhuo <xuanzhuo@linux.alibaba.com> > Reviewed-by: Parav Pandit <parav@nvidia.com> > --- > v19->v20: > 1. Remove the GET command. > 2. Use the virtnet_hash_tunnel structure. > > v18->v19: > 1. Have a single structure instead of two. @Michael S . Tsirkin > 2. Some small rewrites. @Michael S . Tsirkin > 3. Rebase to master. > > v17->v18: > 1. Some rewording suggestions from Michael (Thanks!). > 2. Use 0 to disable inner header hash and remove > VIRTIO_NET_HASH_TUNNEL_TYPE_NONE. > v16->v17: > 1. Some small rewrites. @Parav Pandit > 2. Add Parav's Reviewed-by tag (Thanks!). > > v15->v16: > 1. Remove the hash_option. In order to delimit the inner header hash and RSS > configuration, the ability to configure the outer src udp port hash is given > to RSS. This is orthogonal to inner header hash, which will be done in the > RSS capability extension topic (considered as an RSS extension together > with the symmetric toeplitz hash algorithm, etc.). @Parav Pandit @Michael S . Tsirkin > 2. Fix a 'field' typo. @Parav Pandit > > v14->v15: > 1. Add tunnel hash option suggested by @Michael S . Tsirkin > 2. Adjust some descriptions. > > v13->v14: > 1. Move supported_hash_tunnel_types from config space into cvq command. @Parav Pandit > 2. Rebase to master branch. > 3. Some minor modifications. > > v12->v13: > 1. Add a GET command for hash_tunnel_types. @Parav Pandit > 2. Add tunneling protocol explanation. @Jason Wang > 3. Add comments on some usage scenarios for inner hash. > > v11->v12: > 1. Add a command VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_MQ_TUNNEL_CONFIG. > 2. Refine the commit log. @Michael S . Tsirkin > 3. Add some tunnel types. > > v10->v11: > 1. Revise commit log for clarity for readers. > 2. Some modifications to avoid undefined terms. @Parav Pandit > 3. Change VIRTIO_NET_F_HASH_TUNNEL dependency. @Parav Pandit > 4. Add the normative statements. @Parav Pandit > > v9->v10: > 1. Removed hash_report_tunnel related information. @Parav Pandit > 2. Re-describe the limitations of QoS for tunneling. > 3. Some clarification. > > v8->v9: > 1. Merge hash_report_tunnel_types into hash_report. @Parav Pandit > 2. Add tunnel security section. @Michael S . Tsirkin > 3. Add VIRTIO_NET_F_HASH_REPORT_TUNNEL. > 4. Fix some typos. > 5. Add more tunnel types. @Michael S . Tsirkin > > v7->v8: > 1. Add supported_hash_tunnel_types. @Jason Wang, @Parav Pandit > 2. Change hash_report_tunnel to hash_report_tunnel_types. @Parav Pandit > 3. Removed re-definition for inner packet hashing. @Parav Pandit > 4. Fix some typos. @Michael S . Tsirkin > 5. Clarify some sentences. @Michael S . Tsirkin > > v6->v7: > 1. Modify the wording of some sentences for clarity. @Michael S. Tsirkin > 2. Fix some syntax issues. @Michael S. Tsirkin > > v5->v6: > 1. Fix some syntax and capitalization issues. @Michael S. Tsirkin > 2. Use encapsulated/encaptulation uniformly. @Michael S. Tsirkin > 3. Move the links to introduction section. @Michael S. Tsirkin > 4. Clarify some sentences. @Michael S. Tsirkin > > v4->v5: > 1. Clarify some paragraphs. @Cornelia Huck > 2. Fix the u8 type. @Cornelia Huck > > v3->v4: > 1. Rename VIRTIO_NET_F_HASH_GRE_VXLAN_GENEVE_INNER to VIRTIO_NET_F_HASH_TUNNEL. @Jason Wang > 2. Make things clearer. @Jason Wang @Michael S. Tsirkin > 3. Keep the possibility to use inner hash for automatic receive steering. @Jason Wang > 4. Add the "Tunnel packet" paragraph to avoid repeating the GRE etc. many times. @Michael S. Tsirkin > > v2->v3: > 1. Add a feature bit for GRE/VXLAN/GENEVE inner hash. @Jason Wang > 2. Chang \field{hash_tunnel} to \field{hash_report_tunnel}. @Jason Wang, @Michael S. Tsirkin > > v1->v2: > 1. Remove the patch for the bitmask fix. @Michael S. Tsirkin > 2. Clarify some paragraphs. @Jason Wang > 3. Add \field{hash_tunnel} and VIRTIO_NET_HASH_REPORT_GRE. @Yuri Benditovich > > device-types/net/description.tex | 142 ++++++++++++++++++++++++ > device-types/net/device-conformance.tex | 1 + > device-types/net/driver-conformance.tex | 1 + > introduction.tex | 39 +++++++ > 4 files changed, 183 insertions(+) Very good. A bunch of english tweaks - sorry about not noticing these earlier, it takes a fresh eye sometimes. Plus a couple of minor tweaks I think that would be nice to have. > diff --git a/device-types/net/description.tex b/device-types/net/description.tex > index 3030222..93c80d2 100644 > --- a/device-types/net/description.tex > +++ b/device-types/net/description.tex > @@ -88,6 +88,8 @@ \subsection{Feature bits}\label{sec:Device Types / Network Device / Feature bits > \item[VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_MAC_ADDR(23)] Set MAC address through control > channel. > > +\item[VIRTIO_NET_F_HASH_TUNNEL(51)] Device supports inner header hash for encapsulated packets. > + > \item[VIRTIO_NET_F_VQ_NOTF_COAL(52)] Device supports virtqueue notification coalescing. > > \item[VIRTIO_NET_F_NOTF_COAL(53)] Device supports notifications coalescing. > @@ -147,6 +149,7 @@ \subsubsection{Feature bit requirements}\label{sec:Device Types / Network Device > \item[VIRTIO_NET_F_RSC_EXT] Requires VIRTIO_NET_F_HOST_TSO4 or VIRTIO_NET_F_HOST_TSO6. > \item[VIRTIO_NET_F_RSS] Requires VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ. > \item[VIRTIO_NET_F_VQ_NOTF_COAL] Requires VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ. > +\item[VIRTIO_NET_F_HASH_TUNNEL] Requires VIRTIO_NET_F_CTRL_VQ along with VIRTIO_NET_F_RSS or VIRTIO_NET_F_HASH_REPORT. > \end{description} > > \subsubsection{Legacy Interface: Feature bits}\label{sec:Device Types / Network Device / Feature bits / Legacy Interface: Feature bits} > @@ -175,6 +178,7 @@ \subsection{Device configuration layout}\label{sec:Device Types / Network Device > u8 rss_max_key_size; > le16 rss_max_indirection_table_length; > le32 supported_hash_types; > + le32 supported_tunnel_types; > }; > \end{lstlisting} > > @@ -225,6 +229,12 @@ \subsection{Device configuration layout}\label{sec:Device Types / Network Device > Field \field{supported_hash_types} contains the bitmask of supported hash types. > See \ref{sec:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Processing of Incoming Packets / Hash calculation for incoming packets / Supported/enabled hash types} for details of supported hash types. > > +Field \field{supported_tunnel_types} only exists if the device supports inner header hash, i.e. if VIRTIO_NET_F_HASH_TUNNEL is set. > + > +Field \field{supported_tunnel_types} contains the bitmask of encapsulation types supported by the device for inner header hash. > +Encapsulation types are defined in \ref{sec:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Processing of Incoming Packets / > +Hash calculation for incoming packets / Encapsulation types supported/enabled for inner header hash}. > + > \devicenormative{\subsubsection}{Device configuration layout}{Device Types / Network Device / Device configuration layout} > > The device MUST set \field{max_virtqueue_pairs} to between 1 and 0x8000 inclusive, > @@ -869,6 +879,8 @@ \subsubsection{Processing of Incoming Packets}\label{sec:Device Types / Network > If the feature VIRTIO_NET_F_RSS was negotiated: > \begin{itemize} > \item The device uses \field{hash_types} of the virtio_net_rss_config structure as 'Enabled hash types' bitmask. > +\item If additionally the feature VIRTIO_NET_F_HASH_TUNNEL was negotiated, the device uses \field{enabled_tunnel_types} of the > + virtnet_hash_tunnel structure as 'Encapsulation types enabled for inner header hash' bitmask. > \item The device uses a key as defined in \field{hash_key_data} and \field{hash_key_length} of the virtio_net_rss_config structure (see > \ref{sec:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Control Virtqueue / Receive-side scaling (RSS) / Setting RSS parameters}). > \end{itemize} > @@ -876,6 +888,8 @@ \subsubsection{Processing of Incoming Packets}\label{sec:Device Types / Network > If the feature VIRTIO_NET_F_RSS was not negotiated: > \begin{itemize} > \item The device uses \field{hash_types} of the virtio_net_hash_config structure as 'Enabled hash types' bitmask. > +\item If additionally the feature VIRTIO_NET_F_HASH_TUNNEL was negotiated, the device uses \field{enabled_tunnel_types} of the > + virtnet_hash_tunnel structure as 'Encapsulation types enabled for inner header hash' bitmask. > \item The device uses a key as defined in \field{hash_key_data} and \field{hash_key_length} of the virtio_net_hash_config structure (see > \ref{sec:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Control Virtqueue / Automatic receive steering in multiqueue mode / Hash calculation}). > \end{itemize} > @@ -889,6 +903,9 @@ \subsubsection{Processing of Incoming Packets}\label{sec:Device Types / Network > \ref{sec:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Control Virtqueue / Automatic receive steering in multiqueue mode / Hash calculation}. > \end{itemize} > > +The per-packet hash calculation can depend on the IP packet type. See > +\hyperref[intro:IP]{[IP]}, \hyperref[intro:UDP]{[UDP]} and \hyperref[intro:TCP]{[TCP]}. > + > \subparagraph{Supported/enabled hash types} > \label{sec:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Processing of Incoming Packets / Hash calculation for incoming packets / Supported/enabled hash types} > Hash types applicable for IPv4 packets: > @@ -1001,6 +1018,131 @@ \subsubsection{Processing of Incoming Packets}\label{sec:Device Types / Network > (see \ref{sec:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Processing of Incoming Packets / Hash calculation for incoming packets / IPv6 packets without extension header}). > \end{itemize} > > +\paragraph{Inner Header Hash} > +\label{sec:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Processing of Incoming Packets / Inner Header Hash} > + > +If VIRTIO_NET_F_HASH_TUNNEL has been negotiated, the driver can send the command > +VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_HASH_TUNNEL_SET to configure the calculation of the inner header hash. > + > +struct virtnet_hash_tunnel { > + le32 enabled_tunnel_types; > +}; > + > +#define VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_HASH_TUNNEL 7 > + #define VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_HASH_TUNNEL_SET 0 > + > +Field \field{enabled_tunnel_types} contains the bitmask of encapsulation types enabled for inner header hash. > +See \ref{sec:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Processing of Incoming Packets / > +Hash calculation for incoming packets / Encapsulation types supported/enabled for inner header hash}. > + > +The class VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_HASH_TUNNEL has one command: > +VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_HASH_TUNNEL_SET sets \field{enabled_tunnel_types} for the device using the > +virtnet_hash_tunnel structure, which is read-only for the device. > + > +Inner header hash is disabled by VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_HASH_TUNNEL_SET with \field{enabled_tunnel_types} to 0. set to 0 > + > +Initially (before the driver sends any VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_HASH_TUNNEL_SET command) all > +encapsulation types are disabled for inner header hash. > + > +\subparagraph{Encapsulated packet} > +\label{sec:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Processing of Incoming Packets / Hash calculation for incoming packets / Encapsulated packet} > + > +Multiple tunneling protocols allow encapsulating an inner, payload packet in an outer, encapsulated packet. > +The encapsulated packet thus contains an outer header and an inner header, and the device calculates the > +hash over either the inner header or the outer header. > + > +If VIRTIO_NET_F_HASH_TUNNEL is negotiated and a received encapsulated packet's outer header matches one of the > +encapsulation types enabled in \field{enabled_tunnel_types}, then the device uses the inner header for hash > +calculations (only a single level of encapsulation is currently supported). > + > +If VIRTIO_NET_F_HASH_TUNNEL is negotiated and a received packet's (outer) header does not match any encapsulation > +type types > enabled in \field{enabled_tunnel_types}, then the device uses the outer header for hash calculations. > + > +Encapsulation types supported/enabled for inner header hash: > +\begin{itemize} > + \item The outer header of the following encapsulation types does not contain the transport protocol: "a transport protocol". And I mean of course it does contain a protocol. E.g. NVGRE uses protocol 0x2F. > + \begin{enumerate} > + \item \hyperref[intro:ipip]{[IPIP]}: the outer header is over IPv4 and the inner header is over IPv4. > + \item \hyperref[intro:nvgre]{[NVGRE]}: the outer header is over IPv4/IPv6 and the inner header is over IPv4/IPv6. > + \item \hyperref[intro:gre_rfc2784]{[GRE_rfc2784]}: the outer header is over IPv4 and the inner header is over IPv4. > + \item \hyperref[intro:gre_rfc2890]{[GRE_rfc2890]}: the outer header is over IPv4 and the inner header is over IPv4. > + \item \hyperref[intro:gre_rfc7676]{[GRE_rfc7676]}: the outer header is over IPv4/IPv6 and the inner header is over IPv4/IPv6. > + \end{enumerate} > + > + \item The outer header of the following encapsulation types uses UDP as the transport protocol: > + \begin{enumerate} > + \item \hyperref[intro:vxlan]{[VXLAN]}: the outer header is over IPv4/IPv6 and the inner header is over IPv4/IPv6. > + \item \hyperref[intro:geneve]{[GENEVE]}: the outer header is over IPv4/IPv6 and the inner header is over IPv4/IPv6. > + \item \hyperref[intro:vxlan_gpe]{[VXLAN-GPE]}: the outer header is over IPv4/IPv6 and the inner header is over IPv4/IPv6. > + \item \hyperref[intro:gre_in_udp_rfc8086]{[GRE-in-UDP]}: the outer header is over IPv4/IPv6 and the inner header is over IPv4/IPv6. > + \end{enumerate} > +\end{itemize} maybe drop above paragraph. Each protocol is described in its spec. > +\subparagraph{Encapsulation types supported/enabled for inner header hash} > +\label{sec:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Processing of Incoming Packets / > +Hash calculation for incoming packets / Encapsulation types supported/enabled for inner header hash} > + > +Encapsulation types applicable for inner header hash: > +\begin{lstlisting} > +The \hyperref[intro:gre_rfc2784]{[GRE_rfc2784]} encapsulation type: > +#define VIRTIO_NET_HASH_TUNNEL_TYPE_GRE_2784 (1 << 0) > + > +The \hyperref[intro:gre_rfc2890]{[GRE_rfc2890]} encapsulation type: > +#define VIRTIO_NET_HASH_TUNNEL_TYPE_GRE_2890 (1 << 1) > + > +The \hyperref[intro:gre_rfc7676]{[GRE_rfc7676]} encapsulation type: > +#define VIRTIO_NET_HASH_TUNNEL_TYPE_GRE_7676 (1 << 2) > + > +The \hyperref[intro:gre_in_udp_rfc8086]{[GRE-in-UDP]} encapsulation type: > +#define VIRTIO_NET_HASH_TUNNEL_TYPE_GRE_UDP (1 << 3) > + > +The \hyperref[intro:vxlan]{[VXLAN]} encapsulation type: > +#define VIRTIO_NET_HASH_TUNNEL_TYPE_VXLAN (1 << 4) > + > +The \hyperref[intro:vxlan_gpe]{[VXLAN-GPE]} encapsulation type: > +#define VIRTIO_NET_HASH_TUNNEL_TYPE_VXLAN_GPE (1 << 5) > + > +The \hyperref[intro:geneve]{[GENEVE]} encapsulation type: > +#define VIRTIO_NET_HASH_TUNNEL_TYPE_GENEVE (1 << 6) > + > +The \hyperref[intro:ipip]{[IPIP]} encapsulation type: > +#define VIRTIO_NET_HASH_TUNNEL_TYPE_IPIP (1 << 7) > + > +The \hyperref[intro:nvgre]{[NVGRE]} encapsulation type: > +#define VIRTIO_NET_HASH_TUNNEL_TYPE_NVGRE (1 << 8) > +\end{lstlisting} Don't repeat encapsulation type: #define VIRTIO_NET_HASH_TUNNEL_TYPE_NVGRE (1 << 8) /* \hyperref[intro:nvgre]{[NVGRE]} */ Will do. > +\subparagraph{Advice} > +Example uses of inner header hash: of the inner header hash: > +\begin{itemize} > +\item Legacy tunneling protocols, lacking outer header entropy, can use RSS with inner header hash to the outer header the inner header hash > + distribute flows with identical outer but different inner headers across various queues, improving performance. > +\item Identify an inner flow distributed across multiple outer tunnels. > +\end{itemize} > + > +As using the inner header hash completely discards the outer header entropy, care must be taken > +if the inner header is controlled by an adversary, as the adversary can then intentionally create > +configurations with insufficient entropy. > + > +Besides disabling inner header hash, mitigations would depend on how the hash is used. When the hash the inner header hash > +use is limited to RSS queue selection, inner header hash may have quality of service (QoS) limitations. the RSS queue selection the inner header hash > + > +\devicenormative{\subparagraph}{Inner Header Hash}{Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Control Virtqueue / Inner Header Hash} > + > +If the (outer) header of the received packet does not match any encapsulation type enabled types > +in \field{enabled_tunnel_types}, the device MUST calculate the hash on the outer header. > + > +If the device receives any bits in \field{enabled_tunnel_types} which are not set in \field{supported_tunnel_types}, > +it MUST respond to the VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_HASH_TUNNEL_SET command with VIRTIO_NET_ERR. I feel this is better as SHOULD. If drivers come to depend on this e.g. to validate the bitmap then we have a problem as we will not be able to extend this. > +If \field{enabled_tunnel_types} is set to 0 or upon device reset, the device MUST disable inner header hash for all encapsulation types. and upon the device reset the inner header hash > + > +\drivernormative{\subparagraph}{Inner Header Hash}{Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Control Virtqueue / Inner Header Hash} > + > +The driver MUST have negotiated the VIRTIO_NET_F_HASH_TUNNEL feature when issuing the VIRTIO_NET_CTRL_HASH_TUNNEL_SET command. > + > +The driver MUST NOT set any bits in \field{enabled_tunnel_types} which are not set in \field{supported_tunnel_types}. Let's also say that driver MUST ignore bits in supported_tunnel_types not documented in this specification; this is to allow future extensions to add bits for more tunnel types. > + > \paragraph{Hash reporting for incoming packets} > \label{sec:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Processing of Incoming Packets / Hash reporting for incoming packets} > > diff --git a/device-types/net/device-conformance.tex b/device-types/net/device-conformance.tex > index 54f6783..f88f48b 100644 > --- a/device-types/net/device-conformance.tex > +++ b/device-types/net/device-conformance.tex > @@ -14,4 +14,5 @@ > \item \ref{devicenormative:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Control Virtqueue / Automatic receive steering in multiqueue mode} > \item \ref{devicenormative:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Control Virtqueue / Receive-side scaling (RSS) / RSS processing} > \item \ref{devicenormative:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Control Virtqueue / Notifications Coalescing} > +\item \ref{devicenormative:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Control Virtqueue / Inner Header Hash} > \end{itemize} > diff --git a/device-types/net/driver-conformance.tex b/device-types/net/driver-conformance.tex > index 97d0cc1..9d853d9 100644 > --- a/device-types/net/driver-conformance.tex > +++ b/device-types/net/driver-conformance.tex > @@ -14,4 +14,5 @@ > \item \ref{drivernormative:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Control Virtqueue / Offloads State Configuration / Setting Offloads State} > \item \ref{drivernormative:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Control Virtqueue / Receive-side scaling (RSS) } > \item \ref{drivernormative:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Control Virtqueue / Notifications Coalescing} > +\item \ref{drivernormative:Device Types / Network Device / Device Operation / Control Virtqueue / Inner Header Hash} > \end{itemize} > diff --git a/introduction.tex b/introduction.tex > index b7155bf..81f07a4 100644 > --- a/introduction.tex > +++ b/introduction.tex > @@ -102,6 +102,45 @@ \section{Normative References}\label{sec:Normative References} > Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group(SECG), ``SEC1: Elliptic Cureve Cryptography'', Version 1.0, September 2000. > \newline\url{https://www.secg.org/sec1-v2.pdf}\\ > > + \phantomsection\label{intro:gre_rfc2784}\textbf{[GRE_rfc2784]} & > + Generic Routing Encapsulation. This protocol is only specified for IPv4 and used as either the payload or delivery protocol. > + \newline\url{https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc2784/}\\ > + \phantomsection\label{intro:gre_rfc2890}\textbf{[GRE_rfc2890]} & > + Key and Sequence Number Extensions to GRE \ref{intro:gre_rfc2784}. This protocol describes extensions by which two fields, Key and > + Sequence Number, can be optionally carried in the GRE Header \ref{intro:gre_rfc2784}. > + \newline\url{https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2890}\\ > + \phantomsection\label{intro:gre_rfc7676}\textbf{[GRE_rfc7676]} & > + IPv6 Support for Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE). This protocol is specified for IPv6 and used as either the payload or > + delivery protocol. Note that this does not change the GRE header format or any behaviors specified by RFC 2784 or RFC 2890. > + \newline\url{https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc7676/}\\ > + \phantomsection\label{intro:gre_in_udp_rfc8086}\textbf{[GRE-in-UDP]} & > + GRE-in-UDP Encapsulation. This specifies a method of encapsulating network protocol packets within GRE and UDP headers. > + This protocol is specified for IPv4 and IPv6, and used as either the payload or delivery protocol. > + \newline\url{https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8086}\\ > + \phantomsection\label{intro:vxlan}\textbf{[VXLAN]} & > + Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network. > + \newline\url{https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc7348/}\\ > + \phantomsection\label{intro:vxlan-gpe}\textbf{[VXLAN-GPE]} & > + Generic Protocol Extension for VXLAN. This protocol describes extending Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network (VXLAN) via changes to the VXLAN header. > + \newline\url{https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe-12.txt}\\ > + \phantomsection\label{intro:geneve}\textbf{[GENEVE]} & > + Generic Network Virtualization Encapsulation. > + \newline\url{https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc8926/}\\ > + \phantomsection\label{intro:ipip}\textbf{[IPIP]} & > + IP Encapsulation within IP. > + \newline\url{https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2003}\\ > + \phantomsection\label{intro:nvgre}\textbf{[NVGRE]} & > + NVGRE: Network Virtualization Using Generic Routing Encapsulation > + \newline\url{https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7637.html}\\ > + \phantomsection\label{intro:IP}\textbf{[IP]} & > + INTERNET PROTOCOL > + \newline\url{https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc791}\\ > + \phantomsection\label{intro:UDP}\textbf{[UDP]} & > + User Datagram Protocol > + \newline\url{https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc768}\\ > + \phantomsection\label{intro:TCP}\textbf{[TCP]} & > + TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL > + \newline\url{https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc793}\\ > \end{longtable} > > \section{Non-Normative References} > -- > 2.19.1.6.gb485710b
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