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Subject: Re: [emix] defining terms -- microgrid
I'd certainly vote for that. How does http://der.lbl.gov/ relate to http://certs.lbl.gov/certs-der.html or http://certs.lbl.gov/certs-der-micro.html? The second link has Chris's name at bottom. I'll add this to our list: "A microgrid is a localized grouping of electricity sources and loads that normally operates connected to and synchronous with the traditional centralized grid (macrogrid), but can disconnect and function autonomously as physical and/or economic conditions dictate. " Thanks, -A Girish Ghatikar wrote: > In addition to the link David Holmberg sent earlier, please see the > following link for more information on Microgrids -- > http://der.lbl.gov/ > > If the TC is interested, I can consider checking with LBNL Micro Grids > expert, Chris Marnay, for a presentation at TC meeting. > > Thanks, > Rish > > Holmberg, David wrote: >> >> I don’t think I agree with any of the “interesting additions”, except >> that every microgrid should have some storage to allow meeting >> typical demand requirements. I’m not sure what “driven by DER” means. >> Certainly there has to be some DER. The definition and value of high >> reliability is in the eyes of the beholder. >> >> David >> >> *From:* Anne Hendry [mailto:ahendry@pacbell.net] >> *Sent:* Friday, March 19, 2010 2:59 PM >> *To:* emix@lists.oasis-open.org >> *Subject:* Re: [emix] defining terms -- microgrid >> >> Yes, the primary recurring attributes seem to be: >> >> - can operate independently from grid or in parallel >> - can seamlessly move from one mode to the other >> - independently controlled at the local level, no need for central >> control >> - driven by DER, co-locates generation and load >> - highly reliable >> >> Interesting additional notes from the survey presentation at the same >> site are the 'points of varying agreement' >> - generation capacity must be < 1 KW >> - must contain > 1 generation source >> - must connect to the grid at a single point >> - must contain storage (batteries, etc) >> - must be able to meet full load requirement >> >> >> -A >> >> >> Holmberg, David wrote: >> >> They all agree as far as I can tell. I like the >> http://www.electricdistribution.ctc.com/microgrids.htm, along with >> the EI idea of hierarchy put together. >> >> David >> >> *From:* Anne Hendry [mailto:ahendry@pacbell.net] >> *Sent:* Friday, March 19, 2010 2:49 AM >> *To:* emix@lists.oasis-open.org <mailto:emix@lists.oasis-open.org> >> *Subject:* [emix] defining terms -- microgrid >> >> >> We've been using the term microgrid (among others) frequently and >> today it came up again but with the thought it might also be >> applicable to subsystems within the 'macrogrid'. At the same time, in >> the Dutch 'microgrid' paper, they use the term Virtual Power Plant >> (not so much a microgrid, but more of a role a microgrid may assume). >> 'Microgrid' is used and defined differently by different entities and >> the definition is evolving, as are most in this space, and new terms >> are devleoping. Perhaps it would be helpful to start a glossary for >> terms like these we may use in the spec so everyone understands the >> definition as they are used by EMIX? The defining process may have >> the added value of generating more clearly articulated scope and >> price communication requirements. >> >> For instance, below are several different defs/characteristics for >> microgrid I've run across recently. Each specs a different set of >> characteristics from which we could generate an amalgam of those (and >> any from other sources) characteristics most relevant to EMIX and >> perhaps then define some use cases using these characteristics to >> drive element declarations/definitions? >> >> Just throwing this out, as an example, to start gathering glossary >> terms. >> >> -A >> >> EI spec: >> "Small, local versions of the bulk power grid that optimize the local >> distribution system and may include local generation and storage. A >> microgrid may contain smaller microgrids and may be part of a larger >> microgrid; communication interface at the edge of each microgrid is >> the same." >> >> http://eetd.lbl.gov/CERTS/pdf/mg-pesc04.pdf >> Subsystem of generation and associated loads that can separate from >> the distribution system to isolate from disturbances without harming >> the transmission grid's integrity and providing higher local >> reliability by islanding generation and load together. Allows for >> local control of distributed generation, eliminating the need for >> central dispatch. >> / >> /From NAESB report to NIST >> http://www.naesb.org/pdf4/interimsmartgridroadmapnistrestructure.pdf >> "electric island" >> >> >From http://www.electricdistribution.ctc.com/microgrids.htm >> A microgrid, a local energy network, offers integration of DER with >> local electric loads, which can operate in parallel with the grid or >> in an intentional island mode to provide a customized level of high >> reliability and resilience to grid disturbances. This advanced, >> integrated distribution system addresses the need for application in >> locations with electric supply and/or delivery constraints, in remote >> sites, and for protection of critical loads and economically >> sensitive development. By operating microgrid in the islanding mode, >> critical loads can continue to operate, impervious to grid >> disturbance events. >> >> http://certs.lbl.gov/certs-der-micro.html >> CERTS Microgrid: >> A key feature of a microgrid, is its ability, during a utility grid >> disturbance, to separate and isolate itself from the utility >> seamlessly with little or no disruption to the loads within the >> microgrid (e.g., in the CERTS Microgrid concept, no impacts on power >> quality). Then, when the utility grid returns to normal, the >> microgrid automatically resynchronizes and reconnects itself to the >> grid, in an equally seamless fashion. A critical feature of the CERTS >> Microgrid is its presentation to the surrounding distribution grid as >> a single self-controlled entity. A CERTS Microgrid appears to the >> grid as indistinguishable from other customer sites that do not >> include DER. This presentation means that the microgrid avoids many >> of the current concerns associated with integrating DER, such as how >> many DER the system can tolerate before their collective electrical >> impact begins to create problems like excessive current flows into >> faults and voltage fluctuations. The peer-to-peer concept insures >> that no single component, such as a master controller or a central >> storage unit, is required for operation of the microgrid. Therefore, >> by its very design, the CERTS Microgrid can continue operating with >> loss of an individual component or generator. >> >> >From http://www.electricdistribution.ctc.com/microgrids.htm >> http://www.electricdistribution.ctc.com/pdfs/Microgrid_Assessment_Phase_1.pdf >> : (slide 4, also more detail at slides 9-11) >> No clear definition, but characteristics include ability to operate >> 'islanded' or 'grid parallel', and to switch seamlessly between these >> two modes, and to include significant DER capacity; driven by DER >> technology rather than by energy service requirements. >> >> http://green.venturebeat.com/2009/10/29/microgrids-a-21b-market-in-the-making/ >> >> Smaller-scale electrical systems spanning college campuses, >> municipalities and business parks, where energy is generated, stored >> and very closely managed on an intensely local level. Without being >> hooked into one of the larger national grids, there are less likely >> to be disruptions due to peak demand or excessive power loads. Easier >> to do DR. Can store enough energy to keep power flowing during >> blackouts or other disruptions. This makes them ideal for emergency >> services, hospitals, and of course, the military. >> >
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